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Famous openings

Five classic ways to begin

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Step 1

Openings have names. Knowing a few helps you follow their ideas: the centre, development, a safe king.

White: King e1, Queen d1, Rook a1, Rook h1, Bishop c1, Bishop f1, Knight b1, Knight g1, Pawn a2, Pawn b2, Pawn c2, Pawn d2, Pawn e2, Pawn f2, Pawn g2, Pawn h2. Black: King e8, Queen d8, Rook a8, Rook h8, Bishop c8, Bishop f8, Knight b8, Knight g8, Pawn a7, Pawn b7, Pawn c7, Pawn d7, Pawn e7, Pawn f7, Pawn g7, Pawn h7.a8b7c6d5e4f3g2h1

Step 2

The Italian Game: the bishop aims at f7.

White: King e1, Queen d1, Rook a1, Rook h1, Bishop c1, Bishop f1, Knight b1, Knight g1, Pawn a2, Pawn b2, Pawn c2, Pawn d2, Pawn e2, Pawn f2, Pawn g2, Pawn h2. Black: King e8, Queen d8, Rook a8, Rook h8, Bishop c8, Bishop f8, Knight b8, Knight g8, Pawn a7, Pawn b7, Pawn c7, Pawn d7, Pawn e7, Pawn f7, Pawn g7, Pawn h7.a8b7c6d5e4f3g2h1
Before
White: King e1, Queen d1, Rook a1, Rook h1, Bishop c4, Bishop c1, Knight f3, Knight b1, Pawn e4, Pawn a2, Pawn b2, Pawn c2, Pawn d2, Pawn f2, Pawn g2, Pawn h2. Black: King e8, Queen d8, Rook a8, Rook h8, Bishop c8, Bishop f8, Knight g8, Knight c6, Pawn a7, Pawn b7, Pawn c7, Pawn d7, Pawn f7, Pawn g7, Pawn h7, Pawn e5.a8b7c6d5e4f3g2h1
After

The moves: 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bc4

Step 3

The Ruy Lopez, or Spanish Game: the bishop presses the knight that guards e5.

White: King e1, Queen d1, Rook a1, Rook h1, Bishop c1, Bishop f1, Knight b1, Knight g1, Pawn a2, Pawn b2, Pawn c2, Pawn d2, Pawn e2, Pawn f2, Pawn g2, Pawn h2. Black: King e8, Queen d8, Rook a8, Rook h8, Bishop c8, Bishop f8, Knight b8, Knight g8, Pawn a7, Pawn b7, Pawn c7, Pawn d7, Pawn e7, Pawn f7, Pawn g7, Pawn h7.a8b7c6d5e4f3g2h1
Before
White: King e1, Queen d1, Rook a1, Rook h1, Bishop b5, Bishop c1, Knight f3, Knight b1, Pawn e4, Pawn a2, Pawn b2, Pawn c2, Pawn d2, Pawn f2, Pawn g2, Pawn h2. Black: King e8, Queen d8, Rook a8, Rook h8, Bishop c8, Bishop f8, Knight g8, Knight c6, Pawn a7, Pawn b7, Pawn c7, Pawn d7, Pawn f7, Pawn g7, Pawn h7, Pawn e5.a8b7c6d5e4f3g2h1
After

The moves: 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5

Step 4

The Sicilian Defence: Black answers e4 with the c-pawn, fighting for d4 from the side.

White: King e1, Queen d1, Rook a1, Rook h1, Bishop c1, Bishop f1, Knight b1, Knight g1, Pawn a2, Pawn b2, Pawn c2, Pawn d2, Pawn e2, Pawn f2, Pawn g2, Pawn h2. Black: King e8, Queen d8, Rook a8, Rook h8, Bishop c8, Bishop f8, Knight b8, Knight g8, Pawn a7, Pawn b7, Pawn c7, Pawn d7, Pawn e7, Pawn f7, Pawn g7, Pawn h7.a8b7c6d5e4f3g2h1
Before
White: King e1, Queen d1, Rook a1, Rook h1, Bishop c1, Bishop f1, Knight b1, Knight g1, Pawn e4, Pawn a2, Pawn b2, Pawn c2, Pawn d2, Pawn f2, Pawn g2, Pawn h2. Black: King e8, Queen d8, Rook a8, Rook h8, Bishop c8, Bishop f8, Knight b8, Knight g8, Pawn a7, Pawn b7, Pawn d7, Pawn e7, Pawn f7, Pawn g7, Pawn h7, Pawn c5.a8b7c6d5e4f3g2h1
After

The moves: 1. e4 c5

Step 5

The French Defence: a solid wall, e6 and then d5.

White: King e1, Queen d1, Rook a1, Rook h1, Bishop c1, Bishop f1, Knight b1, Knight g1, Pawn a2, Pawn b2, Pawn c2, Pawn d2, Pawn e2, Pawn f2, Pawn g2, Pawn h2. Black: King e8, Queen d8, Rook a8, Rook h8, Bishop c8, Bishop f8, Knight b8, Knight g8, Pawn a7, Pawn b7, Pawn c7, Pawn d7, Pawn e7, Pawn f7, Pawn g7, Pawn h7.a8b7c6d5e4f3g2h1
Before
White: King e1, Queen d1, Rook a1, Rook h1, Bishop c1, Bishop f1, Knight b1, Knight g1, Pawn d4, Pawn e4, Pawn a2, Pawn b2, Pawn c2, Pawn f2, Pawn g2, Pawn h2. Black: King e8, Queen d8, Rook a8, Rook h8, Bishop c8, Bishop f8, Knight b8, Knight g8, Pawn a7, Pawn b7, Pawn c7, Pawn f7, Pawn g7, Pawn h7, Pawn e6, Pawn d5.a8b7c6d5e4f3g2h1
After

The moves: 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5

Step 6

The Queen's Gambit: White offers a pawn on c4 for the centre.

White: King e1, Queen d1, Rook a1, Rook h1, Bishop c1, Bishop f1, Knight b1, Knight g1, Pawn a2, Pawn b2, Pawn c2, Pawn d2, Pawn e2, Pawn f2, Pawn g2, Pawn h2. Black: King e8, Queen d8, Rook a8, Rook h8, Bishop c8, Bishop f8, Knight b8, Knight g8, Pawn a7, Pawn b7, Pawn c7, Pawn d7, Pawn e7, Pawn f7, Pawn g7, Pawn h7.a8b7c6d5e4f3g2h1
Before
White: King e1, Queen d1, Rook a1, Rook h1, Bishop c1, Bishop f1, Knight b1, Knight g1, Pawn c4, Pawn d4, Pawn a2, Pawn b2, Pawn e2, Pawn f2, Pawn g2, Pawn h2. Black: King e8, Queen d8, Rook a8, Rook h8, Bishop c8, Bishop f8, Knight b8, Knight g8, Pawn a7, Pawn b7, Pawn c7, Pawn e7, Pawn f7, Pawn g7, Pawn h7, Pawn d5.a8b7c6d5e4f3g2h1
After

The moves: 1. d4 d5 2. c4

Step 7

Which opening begins 1. e4 c5?

White: King e1, Queen d1, Rook a1, Rook h1, Bishop c1, Bishop f1, Knight b1, Knight g1, Pawn e4, Pawn a2, Pawn b2, Pawn c2, Pawn d2, Pawn f2, Pawn g2, Pawn h2. Black: King e8, Queen d8, Rook a8, Rook h8, Bishop c8, Bishop f8, Knight b8, Knight g8, Pawn a7, Pawn b7, Pawn d7, Pawn e7, Pawn f7, Pawn g7, Pawn h7, Pawn c5.a8b7c6d5e4f3g2h1
  1. The Sicilian Defence
  2. The French Defence
  3. The Italian Game
Show the answer

Answer: The Sicilian Defence

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